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Context as a creative toolkit for architectural design: perspectives of management and sustainable development of urban heritage

    Eglė Navickienė   Affiliation

Abstract

Integration into architectural or urban context as an evaluation criterion is claimed to be subjective and hardly substantiated. In spite of its ambiguity, it is generally accepted as one of the basic demands in architectural design. So what the context is in architectural design? The article explores specific understandings of architectural-urban context from characteristic perspectives in urban heritage protection and management. From perspective of architectural heritage protection, context is physical architectural objects nearby, perceived visually in a static mode, and respected in interventions by achieving harmonious relationship with it. From the point of view of cultural landscape, context is an interacting natural and man-made environment, constantly changing according to place-specific natural and cultural processes; its processual character and the accumulated meanings that rise from imbedded experiences ought to be continued in following architectural transformations. Historic urban landscape approach assumes that context is constantly developing through urbanization, cultural, social and economic processes, which cultural uniqueness and identity is saturated by place-based meanings, experiences and emotional relationships attributed by local community, ought to be contributed in present-day architectural transformations. From the point of view of sustainable development, context is an inherited cultural, social, material, economic resource and a source of traditional knowledge, performance and behaviours to be adapted and carried on towards a greater sensitivity to the environment, culture, climate, and place, and for the wellbeing of local community.

Article in English.


Kontekstas kaip architektūrinės kūrybos priemonių rinkinys iš tam tikrų urbanistinio paveldo apsaugos ir tvaraus vystymo perspektyvų

Santrauka

Kaip architektūros kokybės kriterijus, kontekstiškumas laikomas neapibrėžtu ir sunkiai naudojamu vertinant. Nepaisant nekonkretumo, kontekstiškumas laikomas vienu esminių reikalavimų architektūrinėje kūryboje. Tad kas tai yra kontekstas architektūrinėje kūryboje? Straipsnyje nagrinėjamos skirtingos architektūrinio-urbanistinio konteksto sampratos kultūros paveldo apsaugos ir tvarkymo reiškinio požiūriu tam tikrais jo etapais pagal aktualias kategorijas. Kiekvienas nagrinėtas etapas ar kategorija teikia vis kitokį architektūrinio-urbanistinio konteksto supratimą, priskirdami jam specifinį turinį, apimtį ir prasmes. Architektūrinio paveldo apsaugos požiūriu, kontekstu laikomos fizinių architektūrinių elementų – vizualiai suvokiamų statiškų objektų – gretimybės; prie konteksto derinamasi siekiant harmoningo ir pagarbaus santykio. Kultūrinio kraštovaizdžio požiūriu, kontekstas yra gamtos ir žmogaus veiklos sukurta aplinka, nuolat besikeičianti pagal vietovėje susiklosčiusius natūralius ir kultūrinius procesus; vykdant architektūrines transformacijas, tęsiami vietai būdingi procesai, sukauptos patirtys ir reikšmės. Istorinio urbanistinio kraštovaizdžio požiūriu, kontekstas yra nuolat besivystantys urbanistiniai, kultūriniai, socialiniai ir ekonominiai procesai aplinkoje, kurios kultūrinį unikalumą ir tapatumą vietos bendruomenės prisotina su vieta susietomis reikšmėmis, patirtimis ir emociniais ryšiais. Šiuo atveju kontekstas taip pat yra praturtinamas nūdiene architektūrinės kaitos išraiška. Tvaraus vystymosi požiūriu, kontekstas yra kultūriniai, socialiniai, materialieji ir ekonominiai ištekliai bei šaltinis tradicinių žinių, veiksenos ir elgsenos modelių, kuriuos taikant ir tęsiant pasiekiamas darnesnis sambūvis su aplinka, kultūra ir klimato sąlygomis toje vietovėje, gerinantis vietos bendruomenės gyvenimo kokybę.

Reikšminiai žodžiai: architektūrinis kontekstas, kūrybinis projektavimas, kultūros paveldo apsauga, istorinis urbanistinis kraštovaizdis, istorinių miestų apsauga ir valdymas, tvari plėtra, urbanistinis kontekstas.

Keyword : architectural context, creative design, cultural heritage protection, historic urban landscape, protection and management of historic cities, sustainable development, urban context

How to Cite
Navickienė, E. (2020). Context as a creative toolkit for architectural design: perspectives of management and sustainable development of urban heritage. Creativity Studies, 13(2), 406-418. https://doi.org/10.3846/cs.2020.11666
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